FAQ
Straight answers for the calculators and the file tools. The same questions sit on each tool page.
Using ClickZM
Are ClickZM tools free?
Yes. The calculators, PDF tools, image tools, word counter, QR generator, CV builder and developer tools run without an account. Files and numbers stay in your browser.
Do you upload my PDF or photo?
No. PDF text extraction, compression, merge, split, and image resize or compress use your device. Nothing is sent to a ClickZM server for processing.
How accurate are the finance calculators?
SIP, FD, RD, PPF, EMI and GST use the standard formulas described on each page. The income-tax tool estimates FY 2026-27 tax for a resident individual and skips special-rate income. Your bank, fund or the Income Tax Department can still differ because of dates, TDS and deductions this form does not ask for.
SIP
How does this SIP calculator work?
It assumes you invest at the beginning of every month. Each installment compounds monthly at one-twelfth of the annual return you enter. A flat SIP uses the standard future-value formula. A step-up SIP raises the monthly amount on each anniversary and compounds every installment separately.
What is a realistic return to enter?
Equity mutual funds have often delivered around 10–12% a year over long periods, but that is not a promise. Debt funds and hybrid funds are usually lower. Enter a rate you can defend, then use the inflation field to see what that maturity is worth in today's money.
Does the result include tax?
No. Equity fund gains above ₹1.25 lakh in a year are taxed at 12.5% after 12 months under current rules, and debt fund taxation depends on your slab. Treat the maturity figure as the pre-tax corpus.
What does the inflation adjustment mean?
The real value divides the maturity amount by inflation compounded over the same years. A ₹1 crore corpus after 20 years buys less than ₹1 crore buys today. It does not change the rupee amount your fund will show.
FD, RD and PPF
Which compounding should I pick?
Most Indian bank fixed deposits compound quarterly. Cumulative FDs reinvest interest. Non-cumulative FDs pay interest out, so the maturity is just the principal and this calculator is the cumulative case.
Is TDS included?
No. Banks may deduct 10% TDS on FD interest when it crosses the threshold (higher for senior citizens) if PAN is on file. The figure here is the contractual maturity before tax.
How is RD interest calculated?
The deposit is added every month. Interest is compounded every quarter at one-fourth of the annual rate, which is how Indian banks credit recurring-deposit interest. A tenure that is not a multiple of three months earns a pro-rata quarter at the end.
Why is this slightly different from a simple-interest RD calculator?
Some sites use installment × n(n+1)/2 × rate/1200, which is simple interest. Quarterly compounding is a little higher and closer to a bank passbook. Your bank's rate and the exact day of deposit can still move the figure by a small amount.
What interest rate is prefilled?
7.1% a year, the Public Provident Fund rate the Finance Ministry kept for October–December 2026. The rate is reviewed every quarter. Change it when a new notification is issued. This calculator does not update the rate by itself.
Why does monthly deposit earn less than one yearly deposit?
PPF interest is calculated on the lowest balance between the 5th and the end of each month. A deposit in April earns for 12 months. A deposit in March earns for one month. Paying the whole year's amount in April produces the higher maturity.
What is the maximum I can put in?
₹1,50,000 in a financial year, counting every PPF account in your name. The calculator caps deposits at that limit. The account runs for 15 years and can be extended in blocks of 5.
Income tax and GST
Which year do these slabs cover?
FY 2026-27. Budget 2026 did not change the slabs. The new regime is still the default: nil up to ₹4 lakh, then 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% above ₹24 lakh. A resident with taxable income up to ₹12 lakh pays no tax because of the section 87A rebate, with marginal relief just above that.
What is included in the estimate?
Salary standard deduction (₹75,000 in the new regime, ₹50,000 in the old), optional employer NPS capped at 14% of basic in the new regime and 10% in the old, and in the old regime section 80C up to ₹1.5 lakh, 80D up to ₹1 lakh, and other deductions you type. Surcharge and 4% health and education cess are added. Capital gains, crypto, and perquisites are not.
Can I file my return from this number?
No. Use it to compare regimes and plan TDS. The legal return depends on the Income Tax Act, 2025, your Form 16, and incomes this page does not ask for.
Which GST rates should I use in 2026?
Since 22 September 2025 the main rates are nil, 5% and 18%, with 40% on listed luxury and sin goods. Gold is generally 3%. The old 12% and 28% slabs no longer apply to most goods. Always match the HSN or SAC on the tax invoice.
What is the difference between exclusive and inclusive?
Exclusive means the amount you type is before GST, so tax is added on top. Inclusive means the amount already contains GST, and the calculator backs out the taxable value. CGST and SGST are each half of the total for a supply inside one state. A supply to another state is IGST for the full rate.
EMI
Which EMI formula is this?
The reducing-balance formula banks use: EMI = P × r × (1+r)^n / ((1+r)^n − 1), where r is the annual rate divided by 12 and n is the number of months. A zero rate simply divides principal by months.
Does this include processing fees or insurance?
No. It is principal, interest and tenure only. A prepayment or a change in the floating rate will change the EMI or the tenure.
Mortgage, interest, VAT
Which mortgage formula is this?
The standard fixed-rate formula: monthly principal and interest = loan × r × (1+r)^n / ((1+r)^n − 1), where r is the annual rate divided by 12 and n is the number of months. A $200,000 loan at 6% for 30 years is $1,199.10 a month before tax, insurance, HOA, and PMI.
What is included in the monthly payment?
Principal and interest are calculated. Property tax, home insurance, HOA, and PMI are added only if you type them. They are not estimated from a ZIP code, because city tax and insurance quotes differ.
When is the extra deposit added?
At the end of each month or year, after interest for that period. The new money starts compounding on the next period. Leaving the contribution at 0 compounds only the starting amount.
How is this different from the SIP calculator?
A SIP on this site invests at the beginning of every month, which is the usual mutual-fund convention in India. This compound-interest calculator is the savings-account style used by Investor.gov: principal first, deposits at the end of the period.
Which VAT rate should I use?
The buttons are the standard rates people search for: UK 20%, Germany 19%, France 20%, Ireland 23%, plus 5% reduced and 0%. Your invoice decides the rate. A reduced or zero rate applies only to the goods the law lists.
How is VAT taken out of a price?
A VAT-inclusive price is divided by 1 + rate. £120 at 20% is £100 net and £20 VAT. An exclusive price is multiplied by the rate and then added.
Currency and units
Where does the exchange rate come from?
The European Central Bank reference rates, via the Frankfurter API. Rates update on ECB business days and do not include a bank's cash spread. The page shows the rate date.
Are the conversions exact?
The factors are the defined ones: 1 inch = 0.0254 metre, 1 pound = 0.45359237 kilogram, 1 US gallon = 3.785411784 litres. Temperature uses the exact Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin formulas. Data sizes are labeled as decimal (1000) or binary (1024).
PDF, images, and passwords
Does PDF to JPG keep the text selectable?
No. Each page is drawn as a JPEG image at the scale you choose. Use Extract text on the PDF tools page if you need the words.
Which image conversions run in the browser?
JPG, PNG, and WebP are redrawn on a canvas and saved in the format you pick. HEIC and HEIF from an iPhone are decoded in the browser first, then saved as JPG, PNG, or WebP. The file is not uploaded.
How accurate is image to text?
Printed text in the language you select is usually readable. Handwriting, glare, and small type are not. The engine is Tesseract, running in the browser, and it downloads its language data the first time you use a language.
How is the password generated?
With the browser's cryptographic random generator, not a guessable math random. The character is chosen without modulo bias. Nothing is sent to a server. Ambiguous characters such as 0, O, 1, and l are left out unless you turn that option off.
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